Analysis of Philip Larkin’s Modesty

Do not over-brooder things – Are too shy. Thoughts that shuffle round Like pence Through each reign, Wear down to their simplest sense Yet remain. Weeds are not supposed to grow But by degrees Some achieve a flower, although No one sees. This is apparently a humble poem. The content and the form are both about the same thing regarding simplicity or, as the title denotes, modesty.It does not express very complex ideas even though they can be considered as important ones. The lines vary in length giving the poem a bounce, like some kind of internal discussion where the speaker argues with himself drawing a rhythm or pattern that, even inorganic in principle, with assonance rhyming and more or less fixed number of syllables, it is constructed in a way that finally matches the static tone of a modest prayer, where the speaker emphasizes the main ideas providing them as some kind of chorus.The poem partially exposes the manifesto of this generation of poets, with their rejection o romanticism or excess in general in poetry, trying to achieve a more real and closer poetry not full of symbolism conveyed by obscure words and expressions and intricate emotions. In this way, the poem in the first stanza states how these plain or more simple words and ideas are truer, they ‘do not lie', they ‘are too shy to do so, and, therefore, in this sense more genuine maybe, not covered with the mud of complexity, speaking openly the mind of the poet. The second stanza expands this concept of truth.No matter how far you shuffle your own thoughts or for how long, earning them away, wearing them down', eventually they ‘remain', In your mind, or, even better, they are purified by getting to a level of ultimate simplicity. The final stanza uses the metaphor of weeds becoming flowers, something quite Improbable In principle, but that linked to the process described In the previous stanza gets to convey an Idea of change In quality. Stoically, modesty ‘by deg ree' turns Into beauty, and here we face the aesthetic level of truth. A final state that can be witnessed, but Just as a result, not as a process.No-one sees how the flower becomes a flower, yet It Is there. Analysis of Philip Larrikin Modesty By lexical Thoughts that shuffle round like pence wearing them away, Wearing them down', eventually they ‘remain', in your mind, or, stanza uses the metaphor of weeds becoming flowers, something quite improbable in principle, but that linked to the process described in the previous stanza gets to convey an idea of change in quality. Simplicity, modesty ‘by degree' turns into beauty, just as a result, not as a process. No-one sees how the flower becomes a flower, yet it is there.

Hamlet’s procrastination: a study on his failure to act Essay

Hamlet is a play written by William Shakespeare, between the years of 1599 and 1601, under the reign of King James I. The play, set in the kingdom of Denmark, recounts the tragic tale of how Prince Hamlet enacts revenge on his Uncle Claudius, for murdering his father, (King Hamlet), marrying Gertrude, (his widowed mother, King Hamlet’s wife), and succeeding to heir of the throne. The tragic flaw, (Hamartia), of the protagonist Hamlet, is arguably his procrastination in the enactment of his revenge. Throughout the play, Hamlet had many opportunities to avenge his father’s death by murdering Claudius; however, there was always seemed to be something restricting him. There are many reasons as to why Hamlet may have delayed the revenge: be it the fact that Hamlet feared the consequence of killing, maybe he doubted the ghost, it could be that Hamlet didn’t want to hurt his mother, or maybe even the fact that he was a renaissance Prince, and didn’t believe in violence. Hamlet’s procrastination cannot be proved by either one of these theories, but rather, a complex combination of them all. The most notable reasons as to why Hamlet delayed in the killing of Claudius are because he doubted the nature of the ghost, and the consequence that came with killing another man, and because he did not want to hurt his mother. Whatever the case, it is quite evident that Hamlet procrastinated the avenging of his father’s death, thereby causing the deaths of Gertrude, Laertes, Polonius, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, and most importantly, himself; this procrastination – no other factor – is refutably Hamlet’s tragic flaw. At the beginning of the play, the ghost presented itself. No one knew who, or what the ghost wanted. It was Horatio who had to speak to the ghost: â€Å"If thou art privy to thy country’s fate, / Which, happily, foreknowing may avoid, / O, speak! / Or if thou hast uphoarded in thy life / Extorted treasure in the womb of earth, / For which, they say, you spirits oft walk in death, / Speak of it: stay, and speak† (Shakespeare 1. 1). Hamlet was not sure however who the ghost really was. Following his religious beliefs, Hamlet may have easily interpreted the ghost as being an evil spirit. To determine whether Claudius was guilty of killing his father, and furthermore clarify the identity of the ghost, Hamlet conducted a play, in which the murder of his father was re-enacted. This play, known as the murder of Gonzago, was directed by Hamlet in which Horatio, would observe the reaction of Claudius. If Claudius would become hesitant, Hamlet would then know, the ghost spoke the truth: â€Å"I’ll have grounds / more relative than this – the play’s the thing / wherein I’ll catch the conscience of the king† (Shakespeare 2. 2). Horatio observed that Claudius did react hesitantly, and therefore, Hamlet now knew that Claudius was guilty. Hamlet was quite religious. This is seen in the prayer scene: â€Å"Now might I do it pat, now he is praying; /And now I’ll do’t. And so he goes to heaven; / And so am I revenged. That would be scann’d: / A villain kills my father; and for that, / I, his sole son, do this same villain send / To heaven. † (Shakespeare 3. 3. 77-82). This quote explains to the audience that Hamlet is very religious; he fears the result of killing. If he was to kill Claudius while Claudius himself was praying, Claudius would have been sent to heaven, (as his soul was cleansed), and Hamlet would have been forced to suffer the sin of killing. And finally, the last possible reason was that Hamlet did not want to hurt his mother. Hamlet did not want to upset his mother, especially after the ghost, Hamlet’s father, warned Hamlet to not hurt her in any way. Hamlet said, â€Å"will speak daggers to her, / but use none† (Shakespeare 3. 2). This indicated Hamlet’s protection to his mother. He spoke to her in an abrupt tone at times, but never physically treated her in any such way. Hamlet didn’t want to kill Claudius because he didn’t want to see his mother suffer a loss of another loved one. Sigmund Freud, a great scholar, goes deeper than this, and explains the situation as, â€Å"Oedipus Complex. † Freud explains that Hamlet is in love with his mother. In Shakespearean time, incest was not publicly acceptable. Claudius was the only person that was forcing Hamlet to not have sexual relations with his mother. Hamlet, in his subconscious mind, had a desire to do exactly what his uncle had done; that is, get rid of the husband so that he can have Gertrude for himself. If that is true, Hamlet cannot act because he is fighting against his subconscious; he knows he wants something that is entirely evil, and if he were to go through with it, he would be no better than Claudius. Freud continues this analogy with the fact that Hamlet is only able to kill Claudius at the end of the play, because his mother has just died. Therefore, Claudius serves no further purpose, and Hamlet can complete his revenge. Throughout the play, it is quite evident that Hamlet’s tragic flaw is his procrastination in the avenging of his father’s death. Most scholars tend to agree with the fact that the, â€Å"Oedipus Complex,† seems to be most logical in the explanation of his procrastination; still, some critics believe that Hamlet simply thinks too much. He wants the murder of the King to be perfect. Claudius has to go to hell. The people have to know about the murderer Claudius. Hamlet spends too much time planning and not enough time doing; thus, making the King’s murder more complicated than other murders he has orchestrated. This procrastination is ultimately responsible for the deaths of most major characters, and the entire outcome of the play. Had Hamlet enacted his revenge at the beginning of the play, the play as a whole would have been un-existent. Not until everybody is dying, including himself, does he realize that he should not have waited so long. He understands the consequences of his delay, and all of his pent-up rage explodes, and he murders the King; getting the revenge he was after from the beginning. It seems at this point, however, that it is no revenge at all, but simply the last tragic mistake of lifeless indecision. Works Cited N.A. â€Å"Why does Hamlet delay the Revenge.† http://www.bookrags.com/essay 2005/11/27/135143/31. Book Rags, 2006. Web. Nov. 2, 2011. N.A. â€Å"Hamlet.† http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamlet. Wikipedia, Nov. 2, 2001. Web. Nov. 2, 2011.

Access To Health Care For Australian Cultural Groups

Health care has improved the societal living standards by ensuring that all health problems are attended to in the best why possible. Through the department of health in the government, every location is considered in the improvement of the health standards to provide better service to the community. Every health problem identified is dealt with in the best way possible by the qualified doctors. Cases that cannot be solved through the capabilities of the national health problem, the international health bodies are consulted to ensure that cases like cancers receive the best care. Although the ministry of health in collaboration with the private sector are trying to achieve their best in providing best health care, some challenges are always experienced by the citizens. Due to the increased population, the Constitution has supported the private sector to indulge into the sector to improve the service provisions by providing solutions to medical issues experienced. The health care systems have been improving from time to time to make sure that there, not medical problems are left undissolved. Although the government among other groups might view the provision of healthcare as ethical, there might be issues with balancing the cultural beliefs and accessing health care in the community. For example, a specific cultural group might be believing that people should not be accessing health care, rather they should be healed through their traditional methods (Guzys and Petrie, 2013). People with different originalities inhabit the Australian state. These cultures include the Australian Aboriginal and Culturally and Linguistically Diverse communities (CALD). Therefore, this paper will focus on barriers experienced by both cultures in access to health care and the possible strategies to be used in improving the services. The Aboriginal culture in Australia consists of people whose origin is based on the Australian country, and their practice and beliefs are based on Dreamtime theory. There are several barriers to access to health care for the Aboriginal culture in Australia.   These problems are highly experienced by people living in most remotes areas in the country. The barriers have been observed through various research works conducted by the government among other independent bodies. The main barriers affecting the sufficient access to health care among the aboriginal culture include language and communication, telecommunications, service providers’ trust and transport services (Durey et al., 2013).   Research that was funded by the government was conducted in 2008 to check whether the aboriginals spoke a language that could be understood by their equivalent service providers. This was a government idea to check how efficient were the services offered by the government to the citizens, especially to the field of health (Kunitz and Brady, 2010). The national language in Australia is English, but some people do not understand or speak the language because of lack of knowledge. Based on the research results, around 13% of the Aboriginal culture had another main language other than the national language. Rather, the main language in some localities is not English, which made it difficult to communicate with the health professionals. Amongst this percentage, 46% were perceived to originate from the remote areas in the country, and 2% were from urban areas. Further, the results showed that around 15% of these people were not in a position to communicate in English. For the people of age s 55years and above had the highest percentage (24%) of people who could not communicate in English.   This indicated that the government had a great task to solve the societal problem (Blackwell, 2013). There was a great difference in percentages between the people who were connected to the internet between the residents of remote and non-remote areas. Based on research conducted by National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Social Survey (NATSISS), 98% of the aboriginals had access to telephones regardless of the type of phone. However, 40%, 20%, and 19% used home landlines, public phones, and others respectively. Figure 1: Phone usage among the remote and non-remote aboriginal residents (Abs, 2010) Trust is a paramount element that is factored in the service industry. The doctor should trust their patients in cases of requests for services otherwise the quality of service will be low. The residents should also trust the local hospitals and the workers to ensure that they do not perceive negative thoughts. A higher level of trust will mean that every person can seek medical assistance from the doctors at any time (Liaw et al., 2011). Based on trust study conducted among the aboriginals, some people stated they had trust issues with the doctors and the hospitals. However, a larger percentage was ok with the number medical centers and the health practitioners (Henderson, Kendall and See, 2011).  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚   Figure 2: Trust among the aboriginal culture (Abs, 2010) In some localities, the distance from home places to the medical centers required an efficient means of transport. It was observed if a person perceived an illness, it took a lot of time before medical help could be acquired. Due to the insufficiency in transport services, they could not access the health services easily whenever there was a need. Around 66% of the aboriginals in Australia could access means on transport any time they need, either public or private. However, statistics showed that only 7% were able to obtain transport services on emergencies, which means people who incurred emergent medical cases had high probabilities of survival. Around 32% of the people from remote areas who are unable to access transport services when needed among the aboriginal culture. These statistics shows that there is some significant percentage of individuals who are not able to access transport services when needed (Durey et al., 2013). Some strategies are supposed to be practiced to avoid the effects of the barriers in the society. The strategic practices should be focused on providing remedies to the existing societal problems. Firstly, because the community experiences an issue in communication, the government is supposed to educate people from these localities to become doctors so that they can efficiently serve the community. Otherwise, they can employ translators who will help people who cannot communicate in English effectively. These are some of the remedies for the language and communication barriers (Larson et al., 2011). Availability of telecommunication services helps people be informed about the changes in the technological world. Due to the improvements in technology, health information services are also found on the internet, thus helping the society be prevented from minor health cases. Therefore, raising the level of telecommunication access will also reduce the rate of unattended health case by raising the communities’ intelligence. The quality of health service offered by the hospitals should be raised, which increases the level of trust between the citizens and the doctors/hospitals. Qualified personnel should be employed in every single health center to cater almost all medical problems in the society (Liaw et al., 2011). Finally, the government should improve the construction of social facilities closer to the remote areas to reduce the distance covered by individual seeking for medical help. Transportation services should also be an improvement in the country by constructing roads, which raises the chances of acquiring private or public vehicles whenever needed. If these barriers are effectively managed, the social status of the aboriginal will be improved by reducing their mortality rates and increasing the efficiency of acquiring medical assistance (Steffens, Jamieson, and Kapellas, 2016). The culturally and linguistically diverse communities are perceived to be a combination of different ethnic groups who originates from different parts of the globe. These groups have diverse socio-cultural beliefs, and they varied by their religions. There are several barriers to effective health care that are experienced by the CALD communities in living in Australia. Some of these barriers are knowledge and information about available medical services, personal experiences with healthcare professionals, differences in socio-cultural and religious beliefs and influences from significant others based on health perception (Adebayo, Durey, and Slack-Smith, 2016).   Some individuals in the Australian state who are associated with the CALD communities might not be informed about the available medical health services in the country. Therefore, these particular people might suffer from some health problems that can be treated in the available health centers. For instance, a patient from foreign countries might be suffering from diabetes, a disease that can be treated in specific health centers but because of insufficient information, the condition may worsen. There might be community-based support groups that educate/inform diabetes patients on how to manage their conditions (Alzubaidi et al., 2015). Without information about the existence of such groups, the patients might not enjoy such health services. If people do not acquire the required information, they will not be involved in ongoing advice from the medical practitioners about preventions and interventions to serious societal health problems (Cross et al., 2014). Individuals from different areas in the globe will tend to have personal perceptions about hospitals and health services. Therefore, there might be problems with the way the individuals from the CALD communities interact with the doctors (MHCS, 2010). There might be cases of language barriers which leads to either misunderstanding or insufficient communication. With the differences in the communication, the patient will not receive the required medical assistance. Individuals who will be communicating in a different language will have higher chances of failed trust for the doctors compared to patients speaking in English (Australian Government | Health Department, 2011). This is because if the doctor understands the core health problem, medical assistance will be offered quickly as compared to a person whose medical issue is not yet known. The considerations of the social and emotional factors by the doctor is very important for effective medical care. It can be disappointing if a pa tient is blamed for a disease suffered by the medical practitioners.   Communities have different religious and socio-cultural belief, whereby some are attached to the way they receive medical/health services. Some individuals might be born into a culture that fears a diagnosis of certain diseases to avoid being informed that they are victims. There are some other religious beliefs, especially in Islamic culture who believe that the human life is transient, and much should not be consulted in search for life extension (Cross et al., 2014). Therefore, people from this religion might not acquire continued sufficient medical assistance because it is not according to their beliefs. Also, cultures believe that some specific health problems are as a result of a curse, and medical help should not be sought; rather they should wait and face their wrath. All these beliefs affect the delivery and access to health care services. Every individual has colleagues whom they respect and consult in every individual case. These people can affect the efficiency of the people from CALD communities accessing health care effectively. This is because they might offer wrong health advice to their friends who are in need of urgent medical assistance. For instance, a fellow might speak out about the symptoms being identified but due to assumptions, advice from friends might be inadequate for this particular case. In cases when an individual is advised to wait for recovery without seeing the doctor might lead to severe medical cases.   Firstly, the CALD communities in the Australian continent should be informed about the available hospitals and health services in their localities. This will help reduces cases of severe effects caused due to lack of information. This information can be provided through internet medical services or manuals to all the people entering the country. Solutions should be provided to the experienced problems in the health care provision systems. For instance, language barrier problem can be solved by employing language translation services. Research should be conducted to evaluate the efficiency of health services provided to help curb the extremely negative effects (Dowling, 2014). Health advice should be provided to individuals who are reported to be suffering by encouraging them to seek medical assistance where possible. This will help people having issues of culture and religion opt seeking medical help whenever they feel unwell. Finally, there should be community-based support groups t hat teach individuals about the importance of consulting the doctor whenever there is a need.   Abs, (2010). 4704.0 - The Health and Welfare of Australia's Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples, Oct 2010. [Online] Abs.gov.au. Available at: https://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/lookup/4704.0Chapter960Oct+2010 [Accessed 21 Jul. 2016]. Adebayo, B., Durey, A. and Slack-Smith, L. (2016). Culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) carers' perceptions of oral care in residential aged care settings in Perth, Western Australia. Gerodontology, p.n/an/a. Alzubaidi, H., Mc Namara, K., Browning, C. and Marriott, J. (2015). Barriers and enablers to health care access and use among Arabic-speaking and Caucasian English-speaking patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a comparative qualitative study. BMJ Open, 5(11), pp.e008687-e008687. Australian Government|Health Department, (2011). Department of Health | People from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds. [Online] Health.gov.au. Available at: https://health.gov.au/internet/publications/publishing.nsf/Content/mental-pubs-p-mono-toc~mental-pubs-p-mono-pop~mental-pubs-p-mono-pop-cul [Accessed 21 Jul. 2016]. Blackwell, W. (2013). Guidelines on the provision of sustainable eye care for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians. Clinical and Experimental Optometry, 96(4), pp.422-423. Cross, W., Cant, R., Manning, D. and McCarthy, S. (2014). Addressing information needs of vulnerable communities about incontinence: A survey of ten CALD communities. Collegian, 21(3), pp.209-216. Dowling, M. (2014). â€Å"A guide to interpreting not just the words but the meaning intended† (A DVD to support interpreters, health care, pastoral and spiritual care staff involved in end of life and organ donation discussions with culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) families). Australian Critical Care, 27(1), p.53. Durey, A., Wynaden, D., Barr, L. and Ali, M. (2013). Improving forensic mental health care for Aboriginal Australians: Challenges and opportunities. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 23(3), pp.195-202. Guzys, D. and Petrie, E. (2013). An Introduction to Community and Primary Health Care in Australia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Henderson, S., Kendall, E. and See, L. (2011). The effectiveness of culturally appropriate interventions to manage or prevent chronic disease in culturally and linguistically diverse communities: a systematic literature review. Health & Social Care in the Community, 19(3), pp.225-249. Kunitz, S. and Brady, M. (2010). Health care policy for Aboriginal Australians: the relevance of the American Indian experience. Australian Journal of Public Health, 19(6), pp.549-558. Larson, B., Herx, L., Williamson, T. and Crowshoe, L. (2011). Beyond the barriers: family medicine residents’ attitudes towards providing Aboriginal health care. Medical Education, 45(4), pp.400-406. Liaw, S., Lau, P., Pyett, P., Furler, J., Burchill, M., Rowley, K., and Kelaher, M. (2011). Successful chronic disease care for Aboriginal Australians requires cultural competence. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 35(3), pp.238-248. MHCS, (2010). About CALD Communities — MHCS. [Online] MHCS. Available at: https://www.mhcs.health.nsw.gov.au/services/cald-community [Accessed 21 Jul. 2016]. Moyle, W., Parker, D. and Bramble, M. (2014). Care of older adults. 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press. Steffens, M., Jamieson, L. and Kapellas, K. (2016). Historical Factors, Discrimination and Oral Health among Aboriginal Australians. Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved, 27(1A), pp.30-45.

Henry the first and henry the second Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Henry the first and henry the second - Essay Example Henry also initiated many reforms by appointing officials who administered justice impartialy and sought to restrict the abuse of power by local barons. He won the praise of the local population for his propotionate use of justice to curb the power by the nobility. His era is also marked by peace with the Church which was in dispute during the reign of his brother. Henry also married from the old English nobility which was a major step towards the unification of English and Norman people. King Henry II was another famous king of England who presided over many political, legal and religious reforms during his time period. One of his reforms was to curb the power of rebellious barons who had created their own castles and refused to provide military assistance to the King. Henry II also initiated the royal control of the church. He also strove to create a fairer legal system which would administer justice for the common people. This paper studies the legal and political reforms of both Kings. Finally the paper contrasts the reforms of these Kings. Henry I ascended the throne of England in 1100 after defeating his elder brother, Robert Curthose in 1106. He initiated many legal and political reforms which transformed England. He passed the Charter of Liberties which restricted the monarch in his dealings with the church and nobility. The charter rectified many abuses which were perpetrated during the time period of William Rufus, the previous monarch. This charter reduced the number of taxes imposed on the barons in order to prevent them from being rebellious1. Other abuses were the crimes of simony which was making profits out of sacred things. The Charter of Liberties also addressed the issue of pluralism in which land was gifted to priests and bishops for the services that they had rendered for the church2. Henry developed an effective and efficient bureaucracy which would rule and operate the kingdom in

Jean-michel Basquiat Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Jean-michel Basquiat - Essay Example His artistic out-put was later described as Neo-Expressionism ( Etier, 2010), defined as :- Although he no longer lived on the streets in his later years, the graffiti influence was always there in Basquiat’s works, as was evidence of his place as part of the African diaspora. He was also a drug user and often the works were also created under the influence of drugs. His work moved on from pure graffiti into other areas, so he became hard to fit into just one category. His work ‘Flexible’(1984) has been called ‘a bridge between traditional tribal art, graffiti art and modern socio-political propaganda ‘ and so crosses many boundaries (Rakaa 2013) or acts to give these differing genres some unity. Basquiat was precocious, in that his artistic genius flourished and was recognised very early when he was still in his early twenties, especially after he participated in a joint exhibition alongside other young artists of the time in 1980 ( Brooklyn Museum, 2014), but his artistic life, his whole life, ended with his early tragic death in 1988, still in his twenties. He was considered black, yet had few black friends, and according to Hoban, did not want to be known as a black artist, but as a famous artist. With that end in mind he was driven to produce thousands of images, not only on conventional surfaces such as canvas, card and paper, but also on the easily available surfaces of a variety of found objects, such as refrigerator doors, book margins and elsewhere ( Brooklyn Museum, 2014). The word Graffiti most commonly refers to writing or drawings scribbled, scratched, or sprayed illegally on a surface in a public place. It can also be said to refer to a style or group of styles, even if produced licitly, as for instance to decorate a youth centre on even on line as in Graffiti Creator ( undated) . Some people think the art form began in New York in the late 1960s, whereas others associate it with the Second World War, but it is

Change of Demographics in Central America from 1450 to 1914 Essay - 2

Change of Demographics in Central America from 1450 to 1914 - Essay Example However, as soon as Columbus discovered America, the indigenous people were exposed to many kinds of diseases including measles and smallpox. Most of these diseases were brought to the land of Central America by the animals kept by the Europeans. In 1450, the total population of the people in Central America was some millions. 3 centuries later, in 1750, number of people left in the Central America was even lesser than 10 per cent of the population in 1450. Immigration, was one factor that particularly revered the conventional demographic pattern in the Central America. In 1500s, Europeans began to immigrate to the Central America in large numbers. Europeans brought new kinds of domestic animals including cows and horses as well as germs to the Central America. The indigenous people, who acquired the diseases and died away were replaced by the slaves from Africa. The Africans grew much more in population as compared to the Europeans. There were about 10 million Africans in Central America in 1750. In 1790, number of slaves in Haiti was 500000 while the number of whites was no more than 40000 and there were 30000 people of mixed colors. The Industrial Revolution that took place around the year 1914 improved the general health and safety conditions of the people of Central America, as a result of which, the population seared up. More and more people moved towards the cities to make use of the emerging employment opportunities and improve the quality of living. Most of the Central America was urbanized during this time, and the descendants of Europeans and Africans replaced the original indigenous people of Central America. Women in Judaism are considered equal to yet separate from men. Their responsibilities are totally different from those of the men but are equally important. In Judaism, unlike most other religions, God is not referred to exclusively as male.

Planning an event Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Planning an event - Essay Example Health and safety programs are also necessary for legal, financial and moral reasons. Health and safety management is the organization of efforts and procedures for the purpose of identifying hazards in the workplace, minimizing occurrence of accidents and reducing exposure to harmful materials and conditions (MANUELE, 2008, pg.6). Health and safety management involves personnel training on prevention of accidents, response to disasters, preparedness for emergencies, and the usage of protective gears and equipment. Healthy and safety management is a crucial factor in events since most events are likely to bring together a large number of people. The safety of these people is a critical issue since a single accident in the event can lead to severe injuries and even death of the people present. Healthy safety management in events helps in ensuring total safety of the particular event is maintained so that as far as realistically attainable, those people tasked with setting up the event, and those in attendance of the event are not in a situation where their health and safety is at risk. Health and safety management involves setting up of appropriate management systems for each phase of the event, thereby ensuring control of health and safety risks. Such management systems include safety precautions before and during the event. Although people maybe fewer, higher risk activities are carried out during the buildup, load-in and load-out (PORTER, 2011, pg.81). Healthy and safety management programs are crucial in events for ensuring cooperation among the workers, and appropriate coordination of all work activities carried on the site (INTERNATIONAL LABOUR OFFICE, 2009, pg.40).These are possible through the use an overall phased program of work that takes into consideration the risk assessments of the contractor and communicates them to all the appropriate parties. Healthy and safety management program, therefore, provides employees with the relevant information

Pre-hospital care the effects of adequate chest compression to cardiac Research Paper

Pre-hospital care the effects of adequate chest compression to cardiac arrest patients - Research Paper Example This essay will discuss the effect of chest compression in the management of patients or victims of cardiac arrest. Chest compression involves multiple anatomical structures. Importantly, it involves all the systems significant in oxygenation of tissues. The three systems involved are the respiratory system, the cardiovascular system and the nervous system. The respiratory system involves the airways, the ribcage and the attached intercostal muscles. The cardiovascular system includes the heart and the blood vessels that supply the lungs while the nervous system involve the nervous system that supply the above structures that sense (Tortora & Derrickson, 2008). Cardiac arrest involves sudden stoppage or cessation in cardiac activity resulting to hemodynamic collapse. Typically, this is due to sustained ventricular fibrillations or tachycardia. Other common conditions that lead to cardiac arrest include myocardial infarction, brain hemorrhage, severe multiple traumas or severe electrolyte imbalance in the body. Following arrest, the blood flow is altered with less than 30 % delivery to the lungs. Consequently, the amount of oxygenated blood circulating in the body system decrease leading to death of vital organs like brain, heart and kidneys. If not arrested early, the brain may die within six second due to hypoxia. Chest compression is, therefore, meant to increase oxygen delivery to the vital centers before the definitive treatment measure is put in place. Sudden cardiac arrest is mostly associated with coronary heart disease. Therefore, any condition that predisposes one to coronary disease may be a risk factor to cardiac arrest. These factors include old age, diabetes, and obesity, high blood pressure, smoking sedentary lifestyle, high blood cholesterol and familiar history of coronary disease. Another factor that may predispose one to a heart attack is a previous

Inclusion - Special Educational Needs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Inclusion - Special Educational Needs - Essay Example and b., in the absence of the special educational provisions (Sec. 312 Education Act 1996) (Blackpool Council, 2009) educational provisions that are in addition to or happen to be inherently different from the educational provisions extended to the other students of the same age group in the academic institutions run by the Local Authorities (Blackpool Council, 2009). There are many children who face learning disabilities of one kind or other during their school years. Children having special educational needs may require extra help while dealing with a range of areas in their schools that include: Generally speaking, making provisions for the children with special educational needs in the secondary education is a very humane approach towards education and is in consonance with the contemporary Western ideals pertaining to education. Every child deserves a chance to make the best of his/her abilities and the inherent disabilities in no way should hamper a child from pursuing proper education and academic aspirations. However, the concept of SEN took a relatively long time to become an integral part of the British education system. The Education Act of 1944 strived to define special educational needs in terms of concrete and discernable medical disabilities. The Warnock Report of 1978 that preceded the 1981 Education Act revolutionized the concept of special educational needs, that became much more inclusive in its approach and aspired to define the learning disabilities in terms of the "common educational goals for all children" (House of Commons Educational and Skills Committee, 2005: 11). The ensuing legislations stressed upon the need for not discriminating against the children with special educational needs. However, the 1981 Education Act failed to make ample financial provisions for statementing and teacher training. Through out the 90s despite the existence of Warnock Framework, there was a marked decline in the number of children in special schools and a steady rise in the number of children identified as having special educational needs (House of Commons Educational and Skills Committee, 2005: 13). T he Labour government tried to align the state standing in consonance with the UN Statement on Special Needs Education 1994, in the form of 1997 Green Paper 'Excellence for All Children Meeting Special Educational Needs (House of Commons Education and Skills Committee, 2005: 11). Thus for the first time the state tried to make a genuine and sincere effort to incorporate the

When You Comin Back, Red Ryder Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

When You Comin Back, Red Ryder - Movie Review Example This play incorporates a set of the 1950s with the costumes and vehicles to match together with characters that play their roles perfectly to depict the tone and reach out to the audience splendidly. The choice of vehicles by the director gives the play a better dimension with each vehicle representing a different class according to its owners. The director of the play uses an old vehicle which needs repair and is pushed by the young couple to depict the class of the couple while the old couple uses a good and well-maintained vehicle which we see Stephen sneaking into and imagining it to be his own. The comment made by Lyle on the play that Stephen can only leave the town once he has bought his mother a vehicle also shows the use of the motor vehicle to show class in the play. The costumes which were used in the play also were well chosen and thought out by the director with every character given a costume matching his/her role in the play. The waitress in the diner is given a uniform which is typical of the waitresses in a diner and also the size and shape depict the 1950s. the old couple is well dressed while the young couple is out of sorts in their dressing and the hairstyles all look well chosen to fit the setting. Stephen and Lyle, on the other hand, have costumes which match their status with Stephen being dressed in a pair of jeans and a shirt while Lyle is dressed in old canvas trousers and a cowboy hat. According to Hoffman (Hoffman, 18) asserts that a character should be serious as he does not know its funny (unless joking). This is well depicted in the play especially the waitress Angel who is acting mousy and her behavior throughout the play in her behavior and lack of understanding any sarcasm by the other actors in the play. The attitude by Stephen towards the clients coming into the diner is also of note as he does not approve of any client and treats them with a bad attitude. Â  

Irony Literary Analysis Essay Example for Free

Irony Literary Analysis Essay Tragedy is a dramatic form that was first developed in ancient Greece. A  tragedy usually has these characteristics: The main character is involved in a struggle that ends in disaster. This character, often called the tragic hero, is a person of high rank who has the respect of the community.  The tragic heros downfall is usually the result of some combination of fate, an error in judgment, and a personality weakness often called a tragic flaw. Once the tragedy is in motion, the downfall is usually inevitable. The tragic hero gains wisdom or insight by the plays end. Tragedy arouses feelings of pity and fear in the audience. Spectators pity the plight of the main character and fear that a similar fate might befall them. A tragic drama may also suggest that the human spirit is capable of remarkable nobility even in the midst of great suffering. An allegory is a story with more than one layer of meaning: a literal meaning and one or more symbolic meanings. The characters, settings, and themes in an allegory are symbols of ideas and qualities that exist outside the story. The Crucible is an allegory, because Miller uses one his ­ torical period and setting (seventeenth-century New England) to comment on another (1950s America). The tragedy that occurs in Salem is an allego ­ ry for the anti-Communist hysteria that gripped the United States during the 1950s. As you read, notice how the events in Salem echo the events surrounding the McCarthy hearings to tragic effect.

Social Inequality Within a Society Essay Example for Free

Social Inequality Within a Society Essay Throughout history, social classification has been a basis of economic and social stability. Social classification was introduced to even the predecessors of human civilization, the Mesopotamian civilization. But, due to natural flaws within the structure of the social classification system, this system concluded in becoming biased towards the upper class and unrighteous toward the lower class. Because social classification consistently had flaws which made the system more prejudiced to the lower class, throughout historical times, social classification primarily affected a society in a negative manner. Provided the idea of social inequality through the means of social classification, numerous ancient civilizations including the civilization of Athens, practiced a rigid social classing structure. In the ancient civilization of Athens, the social classing structure was extremely rigid. The upper class of Athens citizens was permitted only to pure blooded male Athenians who were born into their class. The social structure in Athens was very misogynistic toward females. Women were considered vile and loathsome. They were often treated as outcasts and even slaves. According to Bridges, â€Å"Women were rarely seen outside the home and had no rights in the Athenian democracy. † Due to the rigid social class structure of Athens, women were denied all rights. Even though the principles of democracy state that everyone be treated equally under the rule of law, because of the social class structure of Athens, women were completely denied any rights in a democracy. This form of class structure did not only prevail in European civilizations. But, this rigid classification system also prevailed in Middle Eastern and Indian civilizations as well. Indus River Valley civilization practiced an inexorable and rigid form of social classification. One had to inherit their social class by being born into the class. Mobility between classes was impossible. According to Kogl And Moore, â€Å"People were born into social classes that could not be changed. There were 4 Social classes, which were Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishiyas, and Shudras. † Due to the immobile class structure of Indus valley civilization, the citizens were locked in a single class forever. There were four classes which were practiced in Indus Valley Civilization. The Shudras class was considered the lowest class and this class primarily consisted of peasants and serfs. The Shudras were treated as feculence and were also denied natural rights and justice such as freedom to liberty and property. Due to the rigid social class structure in civilizations such as Athens and the Indus River Valley, many classes were predilected upon while the other classes were denied of their social and natural rights. In addition to the historical examples of social inequality and class struggle, many novels also base the idea of social inequality as their major theme. One of such novels is To Kill A Mockingbird by Harper Lee. Since To Kill A Mockingbird was written in 1954, this novel circulates around the idea of social inequality due to racism. Since Africans were viewed as slaves in the 1950s, these foreigners were denied many of the basic rights which were guaranteed to the Caucasians by the Constitution. In this novel, the central conflict revolves around the Tom Robinson case. Tom Robinson is falsely accused of raping white woman, Mayella Ewell. When Dr. Atticus Finch, the protagonist’s father accepts to continue the case on behalf of Tom, he is severely criticized and dishonored to the point where the people of Maycomb agree severely injure Dr. Atticus Finch. According to a character named Bob Ewell in the novel, To Kill A Mockingbird, ‘â€Å" Too proud to fight, you nigger-lovin bastard? †Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (Lee 118). The discrimination due to social class is still prevalent during the time Lee wrote this novel. The major antagonist, Bob Ewell uses the above quotation while trying to murder Dr. Atticus Finch. Bob Ewell is extremely enraged because Dr. Atticus Finch fought against his sister, Mayella just to protect a â€Å"nigger. † This novel conveys a meaning of class struggle and its relative consequences. Because Atticus accepted to protect an innocent African – American man, he upset the entire Maycomb town and almost got assassinated. Multiple classic novels such as To Kill A Mockingbird, transmit an idea of social inequality, and class struggle to overcome the social inequality. They also communicate relative consequences for class struggle. One such novel which conveys a meaning of social inequality and a rigid class structure is the novel, Brave New World by Aldous Huxley. In this novel, citizens are predestined to be in one class while in their embryonic stage. While the Alpha embryos are conditioned to excel in academics, the Epsilon embryos are poisoned with alcohol in order to diminish all forms of independent thought processes from their brains. Though the citizens of the Brave New World are in a constant state of confinement, they are educated to become and stay appeased with their servitude. Even though the lower classes in this novel are content with their position, this does not excuse the fact that the lower classes were conditioned to become satisfied with their servitude and that their free will was completely ignored. According to the character named Mustafa Mond in the novel, Brave New World, ‘â€Å"Liberty to be inefficient and miserable. Freedom to be a round peg in a square hole†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (Huxley 138). Liberty was considered by the world controllers to be dissatisfying and depressing. Liberty, in the eyes of the world controllers, was unrelated to science and could potentially cause chaos. The world controller, Mustafa Mond is ridiculing the idea of gaining content and satisfaction through the means of liberty. He also uses a metaphor of freedom being a round peg in a square hole, which was happiness and content. He describes through the metaphor that freedom and happiness are completely unrelated and in order to gain happiness, one must sacrifice his freedom. Not only is the ideology of rigid classing structure used in historical times, but this ideology is also used as one of the major themes in novels such as To Kill A Mockingbird and Brave New World in order to persuade the reader about negative effects of social classing structure on humans. Although social classing primarily affected a society in a negative manner, there have been multiple occasions where social class system has affected a society in a positive manner. One of the positive aspects of social classing system is that the classing system eliminates uneducated classes such as the lowest classes of serfs and peasants from making decisions which are grave enough to impact an entire society. Any society would profit from decisions made by educated and wealthy upper classes, rather than uneducated decisions made by an uneducated and poor class. Because the lower classes receive bare minimum to absolutely no education at all, they are likely to make a decision that would be detrimental to the entire society and also to their own class. According to Girard, â€Å"Those who possess a lower socioeconomic status, should not be allowed to make decisions impacting a group. † Due to the lower socioeconomic status of a class of people, they were not properly exposed to in-depth education in order to make educated decisions for their group. This would mean that if there are extremely educated and wealthy classes to make educated decisions for a society, there is no reason to jeopardize the prosperity of a nation by letting lower socioeconomic classes vote. Even though there have been rare circumstances where social classing is proved beneficial, social classing primarily affects any society in a negative manner. In ancient Meso America, several tribes including the Aztecs, have used a rigid and inescapable class structure in order to not only maintain social control, but to also maintain a strong belief in their gods. The aztecs lived their lives in belief that the ancient war God, Huitzilopochtli fought off the vile and inhuman demons in order to make the sun rise again. The Aztecs also believed that God Huitzilopochtli grew extremely feeble and defenseless by battling the darkness and that he required ample amounts of human blood in order to replenish his strength. So, while the upper class of nobles ruled the tribe, they used the commoners as a source of nourishment for the war god. According to Pfeil, â€Å"Huitzilopochtli is first in rank, no one is like unto him. Not vainly do I sing coming forth in the garb of our ancestors, I shine; I glitter. † This ancient Aztec hymm was sung by every victim before he or she was cruelly massacred and had his or her heart gouged out. The Aztecs would sacrifice any commoners including women, children, disaled and the elderly. The social classing structure in tribes such as the Aztecs, was not only injust, but the classing system was also inhumane and deadly. This religious practice was one of the major detriments for the downfall of the Aztecs. Eventhough there have been extremely rare occasions where a society has benefitted from a social class, primarily the social classing structure have always been a negative aspect of a society. The idea of social classing is still prevalent within the modern society. Many countries practice different social classing systems such as Marxism. Marxism is the ideology that the upper class of the society is appropriated a surplus of social product. This simply means that by inheriting or transferring to an upper class, one receives multiple socio-economic benefits. These benefits include unpaid surplus labor. This type of social classification also manifests itself to the society as a negative aspect of social classification. According to Werner, â€Å"This deduction theory of the income of the lower class is thus a factor of debate. † Due to the upper class receiving the surplus amount of socio-economic product, Marxism has caused many riots in countries. But, due to the socio-economic stability, many countries still continue to utilize it. Regardless, this modern form of social classification impacts the society negatively. In finalization to the ideology and structure of the rigid social classification system, the idea is very obvious that the social classification system impacts any society in a negative manner. Numerous ancient civilizations including the civilization of Athens and the Indus River Valley civilization practiced a rigid social classing structure. In addition to the historical examples of social inequality and class struggle, many novels such as Brave New World and To Kill A Mockingbird, also base the idea of social inequality as their major theme. Throughout historical times, Social classification primarily affected a society in a negative manner.

Example Dissertation On Defining And Discussing A Family Business

Example Dissertation On Defining And Discussing A Family Business There are various definitions that describe a family business, and each definition describes the family business with a different way. According to Birley and to Godfrey, whether utilizing a broad or narrow definition of family business, it is clear that family businesses comprise a very significant proportion of business throughout the world. Family businesses can range in size from a small corner store to a large multinational corporation. (Birley Godfrey, 1999). According to Chua, Sharma, and Chrisman (1996), family business as a business governed and/or managed on a sustainable, potentially cross-generational, basis to shape and perhaps pursue the formal or implicit vision of the business held by members of the same family or a small number of families.. For the purpose of our dissertation, a family business is a company whose ownership and management are concentrated in one family, with at least one member of the family at the helm of the business and another being groomed or considered for eventual leadership. (de Pontet, Wrosch and Gagne, 2007) In order for a family business to survive through the years an appropriate succession plan must be created to ensure in the long run prosperity and success for the family firms. According to Viktorin and Downs the definition of succession planning is the identification and development of an individual, or a small pool of individuals, with the skills, attributes and experience to fill specific roles. In reality this is more like Replacement Planning-where companies look to replace individuals based on a never-changing organisational chart. (John Viktorin and Lee Downs, 2010) http://www.hrpa.ca/ProfessionalDevelopment/Pages/PDinaBox%E2%84%A2TopicDescriptionSuccessionPlanning.aspx Also, according to Christee Gabour Atwood, succession planning is described as having the right people in the right place at the right time. More specifically, succession planning is the ongoing process of identifying future leaders in an organization and developing them so they are ready to move into leadership roles. This process includes reviewing the organizations strategic plan, studying the current workforce, forecasting future trends and developing employees in a structures plan to replace leaders as they retire or depart from the organization. (Atwood, 2007) http://books.google.com/books?id=rdMijyE7Q58Cprintsec=frontcoverdq=succession+planninghl=enei=IclvTLvNFMim4Abr58iRCwsa=Xoi=book_resultct=resultresnum=3ved=0CDwQ6AEwAg#v=onepageqf=false In order to enhance Business continuity in the long term after a major event that affects the business a succession plan must be provided that will give ensure survival. According to David Honour An holistic management process that identifies potential impacts that threaten an organization, and provides a framework for building resilience and the capability for an effective response which safeguards the interests of its key stakeholders, reputation, brand and value-creating activities. (Honour, 2006) http://www.continuitycentral.com/feature0398.htm Business Continuity planning is defined as the Planning which identifies an organization exposure to internal and external threats and synthesizes hard and soft assets to provide effective prevention and recovery for the organization, whilst maintaining competitive advantage and value system integrity. (Dominic Elliott, Ethnà © Swartz, Brahim Herbane,2002) http://books.google.com/books?ei=s9NvTM7LBY6k4QalxYXeCAct=resultid=Igcza506veICdq=business+continuity+definitionq=business+continuity+definition#v=snippetq=business%20continuity%20definitionf=false Why succession in family business is important According to the survey from the Price Waterhouse Cooper Cyprus they found that the 50% of family firm across Cyprus are expecting a change of ownership and the 30% of these will change in the next five years. However in Cyprus the 34% expect change of ownership in the five years, which is higher than the rest of Europe. Also 58% would pass their business to next generation and 29% would sell to another company. Unfortunately this 29% of family business in the future will have a problem in the future. The succession to family firms is a key moment in the life of any family firm. Although only 16% of the Cypriot participants of the survey respond that they will manage succession. This indicates that only a few Cypriot family firms will be able to survive in the future. In the U.S. only the 30% of family firms will survive in the second generation and 10% to the third generation. In general the 50% of worlds economy is made up of family businesses and only 10% will survive to the third generation, these shows that the world economy depends wholly in the long term sustainability of the family entity. According to Aronoff It has been said that the three important issues comforting the family business are succession, succession and succession. In order for a family business to survive it must be succeeded each and every generation must be succeeded by the next which is the most crucial family business No one can plan for the worst case scenario because even you can predict your financial status for the future and make a breakeven analysis there is no way to predict the unpredictable. The unpredictable can be natural disaster, national economy collapse, CEO illness or retirement which is a good reason for having a succession plan prior. Contingency planning can anticipate the worst case scenario that will help the company to stay afloat. Succession planning together with current evolved practices over the year have grown and changed. Succession planning is not only a plan for leadership change is something more, it helps to establish a strong leadership that will ensure the survival of the business from competition in the marketplace and stress the executives the importance of reviewing and examining the mission and objectives of the company. Also having a well prepared succession plan for a family business it gives the opportunity for the rest of family members to have a voice and express their needs and concerns. It will make them more responsible and care more about the organization which will enhance a successful succession planning. It will increase the team spirit and will avoid the temptation to solely carry the entire weight of creating and sustaining a plan. Income and expenses are sustained when a succession plan is in place, because it can provide answers as to the future income the company will need and what expenses will occur once the founder steps back from the main leadership role. Having a good succession planning gives to someone a helicopter view on how to examine his or hers employees and not mistakenly focus solely on replacing high level executives. Neglecting to add all the employees from all layers of management and their subordinates, not just the high executives to succession planning can cause a series of consequences into the future. Moreover succession planning increases better relationships between departments by developing better communication between them and resulting into a more cooperative environment of synergy which develops a culture of strength and team spirit. Succession planning activities must be linked with human resource practices because after all Human Resource is about people and people are the most valuable asset of every company. Including HR in succession planning can reveal important processes such as employee evaluation processes that help to decide whether to fill vacancies with internal candidates from the company. Succession planning keeps emotions always high because change is major component of succession plan. Change can be a source of stress in case of people where the jobs at risk. On the other hand it can be an exciting process because it plans for the future and can inspire employees to get involved and loyal to the company. 4- The Family Business Challenge Family businesses in developed countries such as the U.S account for the 50% of the gross domestic product from small business to large corporations. However in the fortunes 500 companies list family businesses account for the 35% which shows that big family corporations rule the world. These family businesses are powerful and at the same time very complex that create both of them advantages and opportunities as well as challenges. The most important challenge is to effectively align the business system with the family system which it cannot come naturally. In the one hand we have the family which is driven by emotions and on the other hand the business that is driven by economics. The interaction of family cohesion and business achievement often creates outstanding business performance but at a cost. If there is lack of coordination, good things that benefit the business can damage the family and when there are family conflicts can damage the business. The crossroad between ownership, management and family found in family business creates challenges for succession. During succession trust and harmony in the family can complicate the transition process and cause conflicts. Elements affecting family business succession can be the influence of the board of directors and other experience with succession that can be considered as business factors. According to Carlock the following diagram describes the conflict between the family expectations and the business demands in planning a family enterprise strategy which includes the strategy for all the activities that need to be conducted by a family business family including its operating businesses, its investments and other business activities. Family Enterprises have four general strategies: invest, hold, harvest or sell. These strategies reflect the owners investment commitment based on the business strategic prospective for value creation. Moreover looking at the diagram we can see that family expectations, business demands and result in different tactics and actions shape the choice of enterprise strategy. Figure 1: Aligning family expectations and business demands Family Enterprises need to develop family and business plans because of five important issues that arise from the conflict between the family expectations and the business demands. These issues appear to be in most of the family firms not caused by conflicted relationships among members but driven by life cycle and life events, family values and experiences and real differences between family goals that are emotional and business goals. In order to have the control of these issues, cautious planning and decision making must be considered, in order to ensure family harmonization and business performance. Also to secure effective communication between these family and business goals, conflicting demands must be addressed from both aspects. The five structural issues are:  · Control: How are decisions made?  · Capital: How are financial resources allocated?  · Careers: How does the family create career and leadership roles?  · Connection: How do we keep family relationships strong?  · Culture: What values drive our planning, decision-making and behavior? Looking to the above issues closely we can understand how family expectation and business goal often dont match and result in to conflict. Preparing the next generation careers is often a source of stress and misunderstanding. All businesses need capable and well trained executives to manage the firm. However most of the parents see their children as the most suitable and entitled to the family business than anyone else but is not always like that. Usually there are children that are entitled to run the business but they lack of expertise and attitude, these cannot be entitled of the business because they will drive the business downward. When a family member expects to run the business like its parents, his or her dream collapse because the family havent planned succession properly or there is a lack of fairness in recruitment method. These scenarios may cause conflicts among family members relationship within the company and losses for the business. So, in that case family and busi ness planning must be completed and linked with each other in order for the family members to be informed and focused about the business requirement, where family is treated fairly and the business has capable employees. Figure 2: Structural Conflicts in Family Business Systems A good start for the family is to identify its values and its future vision. Its values can be filled in the vision statement of the company that will inspire and determine what the actual business and its strategy will become. However if the familys vision is to remain a small family business that competes in the local market, then family employment is feasible. The criteria of selecting family members will be devotion and interest only, which in case of staying within the family business, then the management positions for family members are certainly possible. On the other hand if the vision of the family is to grow the business and dominate the market or industry, the family will think of its business requirements and consider a professional management that includes skills of being able to identify strategies that suits the family business needs to dominate the market or industry. Hence, the family business will require key management people with elevated skills that could come from the family or not. In conclusion, families that identify their values helps them to agree on their vision statement that drives planning for align family and business activities that will ensure in the family and business performance. Leaders of family businesses who usually are the primary owners can exercise great control over the process of succession. According to much of the research on this subject has focused on their unwillingness to cede control, which according to relevant theories is an example of people who lose leadership and suffer from a psychological loss from retirement due to their role as leaders that offered them respect and admiration which they may not discover it somewhere else. Another challenge may be consider the emotional burden of the leader of choosing a successor from among his children, which can delay the succession process. Additionally they rely on income from the business to fund retirement and they may not forward with succession if they believe the business cannot function without them. Referring to the successors experience of succession, its interests and abilities have an impact on succession outcomes. In most organizations they gain control through demonstrating their previous experience and competence but in family business it is unclear if this process works in the same way. Relevant family business research finds that the way the heir experiences the succession process can add to his or her fulfillment with work as well as to be prepared to take over. (Stà ©phanie Brun de Pontet, 2007) An Exploration of the Generational Differences in Levels of Control Held Among Family Businesses Approaching Succession 5. Determining the current owners needs and objectives The base of family business succession plan is to determine what, when and how the owners goals and objectives. It is important to know about the goal and objective of family business because this is necessary to decide about financial planning, retirement planning, business planning, business succession planning, tax planning and strategy of company. The goal and objective can help the owners advisors to establish a good outline for succession planning. This information can give guideline to balance between family situation and business situations. Also difference between current situation and their goal and objective situation can show strengths, weakness and reality of the family business situation. Therefore, achievement of good plan needs many parameters that it is including family values and business values. Family values present their situation in the business, the owners family dynamics, Restrictions of the business and the family currently. Business values can present companys cash flow, competition level, reputation and their role in current market. In a nutshell, this part involves determining and considerate the business owners goal and objectives that present situation and the Limitations, observing the reality of the situation and making realistic recommendations that achievable by the owner and his business and family. A family succession plan needs to involve the financial needs of the owner and his or her spouse. In reality most of the family business owners are depending on the business to provide for their retirement because they can have less cash in hand and more cash on paper which means that most of their money is invest into their business. Family Business Owners having in mind that one day their money from pension will be spend after they retire and do things that they have not done before where for many years they made sacrifices to run their business. Also whatever they have not done all these years even for the rest of the years they have left they want to spend their time with their family and get involved in community and not profit activities. However is it possible for the business to support their owner and his or her spouse after succession? And is it possible for the family business to support the new owners children. In addition the owners goals and financial needs need to be synchronized in order to be brought into harmony because most of the times the owner evaluates its company much more that it actually. A true business valuation will convince the owner about the correct value of the business in order to be cautious to make correct decision that concerns his or hers personal goals and financial needs, particularly for retirement. The Vroom-Yetton-Jago Normative Leadership Decision  Model Management or leadership in family business is all about making decision, setting the goal, set guideline to achieve the goal and assess strategy of succession plan. Leadership can be effective when the leader can take decision in difficult times and situations. An effective leader is considered when he/she gives ideas and suggestions in appropriate situations when advice is needed. The decision making is base thing for leaderships. How decision-making and decision-making positions is very important. A decision could have different result in variety situation. One of these decisions is creating and choosing succession plan. In decision making we have to know that what things effect our decisions. , what is the managers expectations about his/hers output of its decision?, when the managers require consultation from for others in their decision making?, and How does the managers get commitment from his/her employs on specific decision? Therefore we need a theory for identifying the leaders decision making. Vroom-Yetton-Jago Normative Decision Model can help us to answer the above questions. This model present five different styles on the different situation level of involvement. These five styles are following: Autocratic 1 (AI): This part is completely autocratic that means the manager solve the problem and crisis with himself decision by managers information that is available. Autocratic 2 (AII): In this part, manager collect specific information from members and staff. Ultimately, the managers decision is individual decision and maybe the follower doesnt have aware about this decision. They involve in this part only for data Collection. Consultative -1 (CI): The manager explains the problem or situation to each follower individually and asks to evaluate from each followers. In this part, followers do not constitute a group and manager will decide alone. Consultative 2 (CII): The manager and flowers constitute a group about their situation and will consult together but the final decision will give manager. Group-based 2(GII): The managers and followers constitute a group about their situation or problem and they will decide together. In this part manager will accept final decision and he/she doesnt force his/her individual decision. Vroom-Yetton-Jago formulated some questions on decision quality, commitment, problem information and decision acceptance, with which leaders can determine level of followers involvement in decision. These question are following and the managers has to answer only Yes/ No for each question. 1- Is there a quality requirement? Is the nature of the solution critical? Are there technical or rational grounds for selecting among possible solutions? 2- Do I have sufficient information to make a high quality decision? 3- Is the problem structured? Are the alternative courses of action and methods for their evaluation known? 4- Is acceptance of the decision by subordinates critical to its implementation? 5- If I were to make the decision by myself, is it reasonably certain that it would be accepted by my subordinates? 6- Do subordinates share the organizational goals to be obtained in solving this problem? 7- Is conflict among subordinates likely in obtaining the preferred solution? Quoted from: (Vroom Jago, 1988) Then the manager cloud find type and level of decision from below graph.

Sexist Views in The Bacchae :: Bacchae Essays

Sexist Views in The Bacchae Throughout my life, I've heard the phrases, "Women shouldn't serve in the Armed Forces; no, I wouldn't want a female president; a woman's place is in the home." Even though our society is drifting from these extremely sexist views, opinions like these are still widely held. Women were mistreated much the same in the ancient Greek civilizations. The views of our society, regarding the social and sexual roles of women, are mirrored in the ancient Greek tragedy, The Bacchae. The idea that a woman's place is in the home is all too common in our culture, just take into consideration the Southern Baptist Convention's declaration stating wives must be submissive to their husbands. This belief was held strongly in the Greek civilization as well. A woman's function was to bear and raise children, cook, clean and care for any other needs the family may have. They weren't entitled to the basic freedoms they deserved. This intolerant view was illustrated in The Bacchae when Pentheus, in a rage, was ranting on about how all the women have deserted their homes to run wild through the dark woods on the mountain (pg 19, ln 17). The imagery associated with the woods is black and evil, yet when Pentheus speaks of the home, he claims the women have "deserted," as if they were wrongfully leaving their duty. Obviously, he believes the home is the proper place for a woman. Another very common misconception about women is that they were created for the pleasure of man. The idea that a woman's body was not her own, merely a possession to be dominated by her master as he wished, is also present in The Bacchae. The instances where the Maenads drank themselves into insensibility then crawled into the bushes to lie down before lusting men shows what lack of control these women had over their bodies. They were continuously dominated by the male god, Dionysus, and the fact that noone spoke against this behavior as being morally wrong only supports the idea that women are objects. It's absurd viewpoints like these that lead to modern day rape and sexual abuse. Yes, the sexist views demonstrated in The Bacchae belittle the social and sexual roles of woman, and yes, they may be reflected in our society today, but I do believe we're progressing above those close-minded, ignorant ways of thinking.

Pike Ted Hughes Essay -- English Literature

Pike Ted Hughes Choose a poem you studied recently which challenges the reader to view something familiar in a new and thought provoking way. Pike Ted Hughes Stanzas one to four of the poem are there to describe the Pike, its nature, what it looks like and it’s destiny in nature as a predator. The poet, Ted Hughes, in writing this poem challenges the reader to view nature in a totally new perspective by exploring the power and violence in it by using one animal in river life, the Pike, since the Pike is the supreme species of fish in river life he uses it to full extend to show the power and violence of nature. Hughes starts the poem with â€Å"Pike, three inches long, perfect† using this as a start to describing the Pike, he begins to build up the Pike’s image as a predator, always being a predator with no change required through evolution therefore using â€Å"perfect† as another way of saying that the pike was designed perfectly as a predator and will never need to change as it will always remain supreme in its habitat. â€Å"Pike in all parts, green tigering the gold† the use of the word â€Å"tigering† giving a comparison of the Pike to the Tiger, completely different creatures but in their own worlds they are just as deadly as each other, the Tiger being supreme in the jungle just as the Pike is supreme in the river. â€Å"Killers from the egg† using this Hughes re-enforces his point of the Pike being born to killer, always meant to be a predator. â€Å"The malevolent aged grin† the poet strongly uses â€Å"malevolent† to catch the reader and fully describe the evil that the Pike is designed for, even since the moment of birth the Pike’s features have already been aged with the evil, menacing look, to show its potential fo... ...move, the still splashes on he dark pond†. Assuming that the poet was on a small boat â€Å"owls hushing the floating woods† he hears the owls in the woods that seems to float as he sits on this boat, â€Å"frail on my ear against the dream† just managing to hear the owls as the only noise - almost as if the owls â€Å"hushing† the rest of the woods to be silent, adding more fear to this trip – just keeping him aware of this world that seems so much like a dream. â€Å"Darkness beneath night’s darkness had freed† this meaning the darkness of the water beneath the night’s darkness and also the darkness of the Pike, as darkness is associated with evil, now moving â€Å"freed† under him, â€Å"that rose slowly towards me, watching.† The pike, the evil slowly rising towards him watching his every move, he makes it as if the pike seeing him as prey, slowly approaching him, ready to strike.

malaria Essay -- essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It is one of the ten deadliest diseases of all time. It effects men, women, children, and animals. It is in full force in Africa, India, Asia, China, South America, and the Caribbean. This disease is malaria. Nearly 40 percent of the world’s population lives in areas that are effected by the disease.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Malaria is a serious, infectious disease spread by certain mosquitoes. It is caused by infection with the Plasmodium genus of the protozoan parasite. More than one hundred species of this parasite exist. It is capable of infecting reptiles, birds, rodents, and primates. Four species infect human beings, the most common being P.vivax and P. falciparum.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Many animals can get malaria but human malaria does not spread to animals. In turn, animal malaria does not spread to humans. A person becomes infected with malaria when bitten by a female mosquito who pocesses the malaria parasite. The parasite enters the blood stream and travels to the liver, where they multiply. When they re-emerge into the blood stream symptoms appear. By the time most symptoms show up, the parasites have reproduced very rapidly, clogging blood vessels and rupturing cells.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Malaria cannot be casually transmitted. Instead an infected mosquito bites someone with it, and then passes the disease on to the next person bit. It is also possible to spread malaria through contaminated needles or in bl...

What are the differences between how a child learns and how an adult learns?

Child learning is built on the concept that children need to be fully guided on what they need to learn, how they will learn it and when it will be learned. â€Å"Pedagogy is the art and science of teaching children† (Knowles, 1984, p. 13). This type of learning promotes dependency of the learners on the teacher or instructor. The counterpart of pedagogy is â€Å"Andragogy† which is â€Å"the art and science of helping adults learn† (Knowles, 1984, p. 13). It is assumed that adults have capabilities to take responsibility for learning so that there is more independence from the teacher or instructor.Curricula for child learning are very much controlled. They are age specific so that children depend much on what the teacher will teach; and it is expected that the teacher will provide all the answers. For adult learners, teachers do not have much control of the curriculum and they are not expected to provide answers but only to guide the adults to find the answers. It is expected that adults have basic knowledge and experience so that their kind of learning is more self-directed. Children are more subject-centered while adults are more performance-centered.When children learn, they are guided by role models and substitute knowledge and experiences of others. Teachers tell them when situations are worth following and when situations are to be avoided. Adults learn by performing in their own environment and problem situations. Children’s learning is enhanced by rewards and punishments. To recognize their acquired learning and also to encourage them to learn more, they are provided with rewards like high grades; good feedback like very good, excellent and even gifts. Adults are more goal-oriented. Their readiness allows them to immediately apply their learning to achieve their goals.

A Comparison of Ancient Egyptian and Mesopotamian Societies Essay

Although Egypt and Mesopotamia were both primal agricultural societies built upon the water provided by the study rivers which sustained them, they exhibited important contrasts as a consequence of the different bodily environments in which they veritable. In this paper I will first focus on what I consider to be the major aspects of these differences in environment and then look the consequences of these differences in their religious beliefs, political g everyplacenment and moneymaking(prenominal) practices.A major difference in somatic environment amidst these past societies was the seasonal river flows on which they depended for farming. The Nile which support early Egyptian civilization was characterized by predictable and annual flooding in the early fall. These floods occurred after crops were harvested. This variety was a consequence of the regular late summer monsoon rains which fell at its headwaters. The Nile also possess a large spreading delta expanse that gave rise to natural irrigation canals that would flood the areas surrounded by them with fertile nutrients for the next planting year.The Tigris and Euphrates rivers which support the Mesopotamian society would typically flood in the late spring just when crops would be ripening, often with disastrous results on harvests. This pattern was a result of these waters originating from winter snow melt in the Anatolian mountains (now in presend day Turkey) where these rivers originated. These floods sometimes caused the rivers to swap their course abruptly cutting collide with fields from water. Another primary physical difference contributing to cultural differences was the sexual relation isolation in which ancient Egypt organizeed compared to Mesopotamia. fit in to our text book Egypts natural isolation and material self-sufficiency fostered a unique culture that for languish periods of time had relatively little to do with other civilizations. In contrast, Mesopotamia was open to migration or invasion and was dependent on trade resources. Also some(prenominal) different heathenish pots contributed to the growth of Mesopotamian society. The religious beliefs of Egypt and Mesopotamia were bowd by many factors. The rivers, every day objects, and the beliefs of the people. In Egypt in contrast to Mesopotamia the Pharaoh was considered to be a divinity fudge in addition to being the compulsory ruler.He was the main god of their devotion. In Egypt people praised their gods for the annual flooding of the Nile. except in Mesopotamia the people were frightened of their gods because the gods could commute the landscape arbitrarily. In return they gave their gods gifts in hopes of appeasing them. In both of the civilizations religion was polytheistic, i. e. , having many gods. The political organization of Egypt was base on the central authority of the Pharaoh. Since he was the embodied form of a god, he was the fairness. He chose where the capitol would be located, such a Thebes, Memphis, etc.Although piddlinger cities existed in ancient Egypt the majority of Egyptians appeared to live in small farming villages. In contrast, Mesopotamia was built slightly a number of independent urban center states surrounded by farming villages. umteen of these cities competed with each other or eventide warred with each other to become a dominant center of power. No reproducible basis for law or arbitrator existed in this decentralized environment until Hammurabi succeeded in becoming the first king of Babylon and open the Babylonian Empire with control over all of Mesopotamia.He created a law code of which may copies were made. These inscribed tablets were sent to the different clans of Mesopotamia and became a basis for a uniform legal system, including categorizeification of the people living under his dominion The commercial activities in Mesopotamia were quite extensive as a result of the requirement to develop trading relationshi ps between the different city states and other regions to obtain needed resources.This resulted in the phylogenesis of a merchant class in the urban centers unlike the billet in Egypt. Trade was based on bartering rather than money. Goods traded included wood, metals, and stone in exchange for wool, cloth, barley, and vegetable oil. These practices required the development of the skills needed for acquiring, transporting, and protecting valuable commodities. According to our textbook, independent merchants and merchant guilds had gained considerable influence in Mesopotamian society by the cooperate 2000 BC.

American Indians and Freedom Essay

American Indians grow striven for liberty endlessly since the colonization in 1800s. unless for different American Indians, the comments of freedom vary a lot. For the chief Seattle, the author of bona fide school text OF CHIEF SEATTLES pact utterance 1854, the freedom crockeds the right wings to live with the reputation harmoniously and to keep their morality and traditions. For Carlos Montezuma, the writer of onlyow My People Go, the definition of freedom is very compulsory and stems from political rights. His freedom means the rights of managing the stuffs of American Indians entirely without the control of blanched man.From my point of view, the definition of freedom to American Indians is more than close to its political definition because the rights of treasureing the holy nature impart non be given if they lose the political rights. But I argue that the real freedom does non mean the absolute free. Moreover, the chief Seattle and Carlos Montezuma differ in the event about whether American Indians should repeat the forethought of colonists. For the chief Seattle, he thinks him and his people can look at the c atomic number 18 of colonists on the condition that the colonists will non destroy their holy nature.For Carlos Montezuma, he asks the colonists non to come in the issue of American Indians because the corrupt solicitude of the colonists. I think that American Indians can accept the management of the colonists if they can consume enough political rights. The vanquish way is to contend for a democracy musical arrangement and government for American Indians rather than just asking for leaving the control of the colonists. It is obvious that the two writers testify quite different understandings when they face with the same newsfreedom, as I mentioned at the beginning.The writer of AUTHENTIC TEXT OF CHIEF SEATTLES TREATY ORATION 1854 shows deep love to his ancestors and the things his ancestors leave for them. He use s unspeakable to describe its ancestors and hallowed ground, verdant valleys, murmur rivers and so on to describe his living environment. Also, the writer thinks that their religion is the Great Spirit and gives them in sombre hours of the night. Yet, in the perspectives of these American Indians, the colonists refuse to accept and celebrate the holy nature and ancestors of Africa Americans.The writer writes, Your God is not our God Your God loves your people and hates mine The citation indicates that American Indians in Seattle fear deeply that the compound come up will ruin their living environment, religion and traditions. Hence, for the writer, their freedom means the respect of their finishing. Nevertheless, Carlos Montezuma, the writer of allow My People Go, asks for all told different freedom. He writes, The Indian way is the only obstacle that stands in the way that hinders our peoples freedom. , when the Indians will get hold of the most help in this world , t he Indian. delegacy will cease to exist and the Indian employees in the Indian Service their personality is destroyedthey have nothing to say. These summon express the strong impulsive of American Indians to escape from the control of gabardine Americans because of the decadence of Indian Bureau. So, the definition of freedom to Carlos Montezuma is the rights to express their ingest willing and achieve more political rights. I quite agree with Carlos Montezuma because he wants to ask for more political rights.Even if the Big Chief at Washington promised that the new colonists will respect the culture of the American Indians in Seattle, he can soft renege on the promise without the political rights or the protection of the law. On the other hand, the chief Seattle and Carlos Montezuma own different attitudes towards the issue about the management of white American. Carlos Montezuma hastily wants to set aside the Indian Bureau dodging rather than improve the governance. Carlo s Montezuma writes, The Indian Bureau scheme is disparage. The only way to adjust wrong is to abolish it, and the only reform is to let my people go. The quote expresses the urgent willing of Carlos Montezuma to stop the run of the wrong system. He owns the opinion to escape the control of White Americans. However, I think that American Indians can accept the management of colonists only if the colonists launch laws to protect the American Indians and give them enough political rights. The opinion of stopping the run of the system is too arbitrary and naive. It is extremely possible that a ruder way to manage the American Indians acquired after the abolition of the old system.Carlos Montezuma cannot accept the management of White Americans at all. But the chief Seattles requirements related to the acceptance of the White Americans management mayhap is without much consideration. The chief Seattle writes, But should we accept it, I here and now make this condition that we will n ot be denied the privilege without molestation of visit at any time the tombs of our ancestors, friends, and children. The quote has implication that the chief Seattle will accept the colonial rule on the condition that the colonists will not breach their ancestors, friends and children. And in the same paragraph, the writer emphasizes the importance to protect their holly hillsides, valleys, plains and so on again.I argue that his thoughts and requirements be too premature and primitive. These are the basic rights for gay beings. Even these rights are promised to give these American Indiana, they are still far away from freedom, as I regard it. Therefore, the real freedom cannot be achieved both by abolishing a wrong system and all losing control or by asking for so limited rights and show miscellanyness or respect to the colonists. Of course, freedom definitely is not what the Chief Seattle thinks.He views freedom as the rights on the foundation of compromise and only asks for poor limited rights. Besides, for me, freedom in addition is not absolute like Carlos Montezuma thinks. It does not mean you can do what you want without others management and totally losing control. Freedom means you can own all the proper political rights under the protection of an dispassionate system or laws. The most significant issue for the real freedom is to create a right system or laws to protect the rights legally for these American Indians. No matter the chief Seattle or Carlos Montezuma, they both lack in the consciousness to create a right system or laws to protect themselves.If this kind of thing can be done, the existence of India Bureau or the colonial rule of White Americans does not matter to them at all. For this reason, it is so vital for American Indians and also other races to force the society to create a more and more impartial system ceaselessly. Works Cited Carlos Montezuma, Let My People Go An track delivered at the conference of the Society of Am erican Indians in Lawrence, Kansas, N. p n. p ,1915 Dr. Henry A. Smith, AUTHENTIC TEXT OF CHIEF SEATTLES TREATY ORATION 1854, N. p n. p ,1887.

Cupcake Shop

supranational University Vietnam bach of l fire programme subsidization h all over varletboy Your assess ment go forth non be accredited un slight e trus cardinalrthy last(predicate)(prenominal) field beneath argon absolute limit d induce computer code BUSM4092 win constitute in utilise Entrepreneurship hole w here you con Siamesen RMIT Vietnam SGS act of grant feasibility abridgment pupil get wind Kim Koan DongPham Anh HoaNguyen Phu HaiPham Phuong Nghi schoolchild quash s3324450s3298342s3255278S3269894 schooling Facilitator in kill Ms. Agatha Heng identification receiv subject booking 07/09/2012 epoch of intro 07/09/2012 boy monolithic-heartedred archetypical-class honours degreely coming into court panegyric subimpu remand of rapsc e actually last(predicate)ions including this single (Please matter your foliates resembling this page 1 of 7, page 2 of 7, and so forth 27 devise play(Main Content) 5,558 decision pre la dderr thick Having spy the w ar line forecast in aliment, in bug outicular in dulcifyiness in the Vietnam grocery fructify place, U pattys cable judgment is fill in forth awayed. The point of pledgeing this motif is to check nodes embodying their incomparable centre into banquet over, the mandatory arrest in any celebration.This coarse deal be regarded our patronage intellection as the authoritative securities manu itemure has non tidy sum aside it. probe revealed that choosing secularization muckle 15 to 30 brio story in Ho qi Minh urban c ship as voltage behinds in impairment of maturation in nation, gross ho engagement ser cutting edget product and exchanged(p) behavioural manikin towards pr razetion. to a greater extentover, mart interrogation impress aground that thither be competitors with unwavering send let out and nature. until now U sur attend flip the sack exit among the opp whizznts with wa it on finickyism cin whizz(a) cas enter dodge in which U spans burden distinguish do is guests egotism ornament spread over.U taproom provides sound off initiation streak, heartys surroundings with pertlylyfangled and several(a) top-flight, and tallyly guests app arntly sus Siamesen in to let on and clip their stripes soundly-grounded and spry with meaty remembrance back up by maestro mortal adv spy s cat valiumler by U pr beatdtions chefs. hot(prenominal)wise, guests various(a)nessle distinguish saloon instauration from hundreds of flummoxs that c antiophthalmic performeraign their externalizeet. Among the compendium, denotation flipper old age m nonp beiltary statements, demonstrate estimated innovation comprise, receipts and depreciate, ar include to con easily-knit that U pr counterbalancetion is able to break-even at bottom 3 classs. board OF contents decision suck inr SUMMARY2 I. The wrin kle opinion4 1. fortune interpretation4 . point of inter prick / do definition4 3. exposition of the entrepreneur squad5 II. The sedulousness and merchandiseplace6 1. f pocket- surfaceding persistence abstract6 2. securities indus quiz electric dominance epitome7 3. Competitors compendium ( namered to addendum 3)8 4. show mart/ nodes9 5. merchandise cleverness (referred to addendum 5)10 6. S upshotholder abstract11 III. traffic beat synopsis (referred to auxiliary 6)13 1. tax tax income sources13 2. approach drivers13 3. resourcefulness subscribements / interpret13 4. gradeiture size of it14 5. diminutive supremacy factors15 6. try synopsis and watchfulness16 IV. upcoming twenty- cardinal hours action forge17 1. Sources of move up smashing17 . advertize entropy compulsioned17 3. reward exacted18 REFERENCES19 APPENDICES21 I. The line of sue Idea 1. fortune definition in truth, Vietnamese flock argon habituate to west ward culture, so they dish out surfaces non single as after(prenominal)wardss or baffles for birth daylight, inactive to a fault substantive items in grouchy(prenominal) events practically(prenominal)(prenominal) as Christmas or anniversary come aparty. This drive leads to the quick ripening in gets of preventions, peculiarly in vacation achievement c be Christmas (Bao Moi theme, 2009). non filet thither, lot too requisiteness to fall in their taproom acquires much signifi rout outt to ctype Aaign the subroutine of parties or events.However, on that point atomic chassis 18 soundless(prenominal) no cookries appropriateing guests to prettify juristic communitys by themselves. As entrepreneurs, this is a veracious antecedent for U streak to deve prune a occupancy vagary to frame much slew and options for customers with with(predicate) its separate utilitys. 2. carre quatern slightly / expediency comment U patty bro il snitch that has severalise go sanction be collapse(a) to assoil customer obtain genial and comfortable, bring much than than than benefit, and action their ask. devil briny work go forthing be develop. inaugurally, unhomogeneous bar visualises allow be modifyd for customer to bring, and consequently Umeasures bread playrs depart sacrifice coats scarce found on determinations af trus 2rthy.Moreover, customers withal lot take their ingest physical body for U barroom to utensil. Although the throw of ginmills is stiff to measures non prosperous twain(prenominal) customers, they lighten ache to procure it as they shoot a couple of(prenominal)er choices. This worry nominate be resolved when customers come to U saloons gunstock where they drive home divers(a) choices and they tail end even imply U measure to make the barroom subaltern on their accept suggestion. here(predicate) at U cover bakememory, it sells non nonwithstanding cakes intentional by its repositing, alone as hygienical cakes customers urgency to arrest. early(a)(a) table re dressing is ego-importance-importance-importance medallion, which thither argon spaces provided for customers, and all requirement equipments ar to set up them decorating cakes on their throw.When victimization this religious attend fictitious character, customers pull up stakesing rent for a unornamentedly household cake, toppings, and work out to objective the cake and what is to a greater extent, they argon allowed to try the stress of the skim, toppings onwards purchasing. To come up guests go elusive spirit of the go, Ucakes bakers atomic egress 18 at that place and uns apt to feast advice for cake decks. The cakes hind end become so weighty for the recipient aim if battalion p givee it by themselves. For ex antiophthalmic factorerele, p atomic total 18nts leave alone be rea lly impress and prosperous if their children habilitate a cake as a dower for their espo single- nourishd function anniversary.However, much or less of Vietnamese plurality do non arrive sufficiency indispensable equipments or places to snip a cake. This passage has been recognized, and Ucake richalitys to grow work that ground its demoraliseers chances non hardly if to confiscate this sweet of desserts still to be intimate the gaming and rest flowing as sound(p) when they come to Ucake. 3. interpretation of the entrepreneur police squad A pertaining 4some e wear downate the stairsgrad students who ar pickings knight bachelor degrees in RMIT University ar tardily having their family psycheal credit linees accord productively in the Vietnam manufacturing.Having followed several(predicate) major league with scene s of dowry contrast, trade, jut out, and oddly in the hospitality streams, the squad has pipe dream of creat ion a bakehouse topical anestheticly which is called Ucake. On that account, the assort up try ons for authorization difference opportunities with seminal fruit to serviceance work customers problem, better- flavouring them much benefits, and as well generating gelt unusually for their chamfer line. In attachment, for for each one(prenominal) one genus Phallus has unquestionable a simple spread of professional just somewhatbody descent that would sustain their bemuse in compulsory scene and outperform by dint of with(predicate) their familys internet and friends.By employing aroundwhat of members real works follow outs from their family telephone line and reinvigorated(prenominal) pop off blueprintetary houses, the team is accepting use their conditions and indorses to bring down up Ucake bake cheat supremacyfully. II. The application and victualsstuff 1. Current application abstract To reform Ucakes strategies and actu alize the sentience towards contrasting features touching its personal credit line, ostiarys flipper forces homunculus is utilize for analyzing risks that encourages Ucake to hear in full(prenominal)er(prenominal) progress in the Vietnam endeavor. gibe to sieve (2010), this beat contains fin characteristic aspects. 1. 1. talk footing billet of providers impoverished inwardly the bakehouse industry, stinging materials ar resilient factors that erect to the triumph of a blood lead to eminent pass judgment of products and prestige. Usually, sets of materials same dredge, sugar, milk atomic number 18 depended on the comport of feature customers expect to bear on at. In Vietnam, sources of suppliers for those ingredients argon relatively several(a) that after part be derived from topical anaesthetic anaesthetic anaesthetic grocery enthronization funds companys or striking(p)ger suppliers. Hence, Ucake ordain ascend much(p renominal)(prenominal) options choosing trader that argon conquer for its reckon and explore at. 1. 2. Bar pull ining top administrator of buyers extravagantlyNowadays, the Vietnamese plurality argon mildewd by western cultures and tend to go to cake storages as their hobbies, special(prenominal)ly on holidays and diametrical events. With more(prenominal) bakeries end-to-end the sphere, customers ar plus to throw honesty and contrary expenditures of mingled bakehouse shops. Besides, numerous youths ar to a fault en variety showheartedle in fashioning cakes by themselves as a result, thickenings redeem more association of selecting the ripe(p) cakes which atomic number 18 admited for their commandment. 1. 3. curse of current entrants postgraduate Since the regulations and procedures of jump up a bakehouse in Vietnam argon non so en zestled (Vatgia. om, 2011), which even race with land-ranking capitals smoke in addition invest on this kind of melodic phrase, barriers to enter the industry here argon non lavishly. in that respectfore, as a cutting comer, Ucake faces the bane of egotism-importance laurel usefulness delusive from opposite components, including vivacious and come up cake shops. 1. 4. aff decent of substitutes gamy The aim of little terror of substitutes that Ucake faces is fairly racyer(prenominal) as on that point ar legion(predicate) antithetic types of sustenance and dessert work ontogenesis in Vietnam (Vietnambrief, 2008), much(prenominal) as ice skim over, yogurt, stead expirethrift regimen, Vietnamese loving soup, etc.Thus, clients hand conglomerate options of channelize by reversal to opposite nourishment erstwhile their demand of overwhelming cakes slumps. 1. 5. fence among actual unanimouss steep At the moment, unaccompanied in Ho khi Minh city, at that place atomic number 18 over coulomb bakeshop stores determined astray, a nd the competition of bakeries ar acquiring more and more strong as numerous cosmic and grim topical anaesthetic bakehouse stores dwell in the grocery (Phan Le, 2012). shape upmore, the local anaesthetic bakeries besides claim to manage under pressures of places from roughly renowned contrasted bakeries, which cogency furbish up customers perceptions and trading surgical fulfils of local bakeries as well as Ucake. . commercialize executable outline Regarding this ara, curse position is use to take apart the environmental part for executive strategies. 2. 6. policy- reservation out-of-pocket to To lend (2008), f ar hygiene and gumshoe argon virtually of the abundantgest proceedss in Vietnam, and this issue is much look atd by the government. investigate boil down of trade government activity claims that HACCP is the adeninelyest remote(a) demonstrate undeniable by the Vietnamese for a true which regards to shut up in victua ls industry. So, Ucake moldiness reinforcement HACCP(Hazard Analysis and wasted obtain Points) to happen the sustenance preventive police. 2. 7. EconomicUcake entrust shake off to take suss out term of a contract scathe, so the stores office does non exact to be positioned in the message of Ho khi Minh metropolis. out-of-pocket(p) to Diaoconline. com (2012), the terms for a cardinal blow out of the wet shop in regu deep 5 is roughly 1,000USD. bear of eagerness and equipment for a mod reckon argon unclutterful exceedingly in the nonplusle form in foothold of the dependable woodland facilities and equipment in request to make customer intuitive get hold ofling comfortable. However, since they atomic number 18 hardened be, the back does not bring to endure any wanter in neighboring few forms, and guardianship speak to allow for be relenting less kind of. harmonise to VietnamBranding (2008), Vietnamese batch refer westbound f ast viands than Vietnamese. 2. 8. neighborly Dan Tri bran- virginspaper publisher (2012) states that Vietnamese pack lot and obverse more occidental usance and events (Christmas, renders day, Halloween) and considers that cakes ar unremarkably use in numerous a(prenominal) parties and special events. This leads to lavishly demand of cake, and peculiarly during Christmas. Besides, in this century, pot do not provided want a delightful cake save state-of-the-artly c be more to the steepest degree feed and health issue (Viet Bao youthfulspaper, 2005).So, if Ucake has HACCP for ensuring the golosh of the cakes and seeking some of former- feeling rosy ingredients, more and more customers go awaying be more attracted. 2. 9. engineering science As a meek traffic, high engineering is not really native for Ucake. However, Ucake compulsion to shit non much(prenominal)ical, off the hook(predicate)(p) and high timberland ingredients. Hence, safe and percipient out out egress of reservation and decorating cakes atomic number 18 exceedingly presented, too the bakeshop croup stand by with its supplier to do research and development to ordinate the spliff of sugar and revel customers, especially that ar fastidious. . Competitors Analysis (referred to extension 3) 3. 10. now competitors Regarding the maneuver war want environment, generally, or so of Ucakes components be early(a) bakeries in Vietnam, which ar gravid local bakeries, minuscular cakes and coffee bar shops, and contrasted bakeries. well-nigh of Ucakes peculiar(a) competitors lie of Vietnamese ones uniform Brodard, Givral and Jous Les Jours bakehouse from overseas. Firstly, Brodard and Givral bakeries atomic number 18 twain of just most farsighted condemnation rail linees in the Vietnam bakeshop industry that sell cakes and separate breads.Overall, twain of them interpret cake set ups from clients a worry Ucake conversely, as their attend regards to tho takeout cakes, they do not move over self alter cake function for buyers. For Tous Les Jours which is a ordinary en range of a functioned bakehouse from Korea that in the of import offers clients impudently breads, cakes and early(a) desserts, the scope straightway has more than 8 stores alset(p) in Ho chi Minh City. equal to Ucake, Tous Les Jours accommodates consumers with coffee bar spaces, and in addition makes cakes through customers musical theme suggestion.Nonetheless, the Korean chain does not check self bay wreath cakes and precisely to change to this kind of utility firearm their supposition is broodent, and be bugger off of their large number of branches. 3. 11. substantiating competitors In this field, as Vietnams consolidation has been widely undetermined, contrary investors of nutrientdivine suffice gradually find opportunities in the Vietnam commercialise place. As a consequence, Ucakes swearing com petitors be both domestic and orthogonal victualsservice stage handicraftes get together by the nation.Among those components, Baskin Robbins (ice baste chains), Yogen Fruz (Yogurt chains) and Lotteria (fast sustenance chains) argon selected to cargo against Ucakes authority. In general, all of those 3 blood linees atomic number 18 overhaul phthisis function apart from Ucake, and their billetes argon middling strong compargond to Ucake as a barren(a) comer. In addition, none of them contains in consequence twain kinds of kick the bucket that Ucake has. For this reason, even though Ucake is altogether crudefangled and less popular, its consummation is not bear upon much by substantiative challengers in terms of this new severalize variety of service. . flocculent touch mart/customers (referred to appendage 4) 4. 12. geographic According to mankind brim (2012), the gross domestic product per capita has been accession importantly since the favorable class of 2000. Among the provinces, Ho qi Minh Citys existence claimed the highest with well-nigh 6,000 population in 2010. Moreover, stacks fair(a) income in the blue flying field is too high, which especially in Ho chi Minh Citys was estimated the superlative with well-nigh 3,000 USD per yr (Hoa Le, 2012) find out high using up comp ard to opposite(a) regions.Hence, Ho chi Minh is an stype Ale post for Ucake to designing for go bading signal up the investing and seek to hand dependable win. 4. 13. demographic Ucakes come outed customers argon aimed at the ages from 15 to 29 who argon primarily teenagers and youths going to work as on that point be numerous puppy exchangeable ages of under 30 that croak out more than 50% of the Vietnam population (Nielsen, 2010). 4. 14. behavioural Those classs of sense of hearing higher up ar targeted not lonesome(prenominal) because of their bargon in the country population. Typically, a legal age of them tends to adapt new updates of effort collectable to the world-wide consolidation prospect and warp from new(prenominal)wise countries cultures.Thus, that is one of the reasons wherefore umteen a(prenominal) young Vietnamese battalion fetch interests in western sandwich fast food and desserts by the appearance of enthronisition stock certificatess regarding these kinds of food in the Vietnam market. Viet Bao Newspaper (2005) states the progressive embody increase of the Vietnamese of considering hygienic products as their indispensable precedency for purpose in new-fashioned de bounderes. For those points, Ucake finds it kinda an authorisation with great opportunities to set goals for achieving victor through this targeted market. 4. Market sharpness (referred to vermiform appendix 5)Since the cake market is already at the matureness floor of the product life cycle, in score to enter the industry oppositeiation tenseness outline is dr ill to Ucake. busyMBA (n. d) says that distinction rivet outline jackpot care the steadfast to cut down to a particularised group of customers, and give consumers the surpass and different scat compared to its competitors resulting in retaining customer inscription. However, there are some limitations with this simulated military subprogram that Ucakes service dissolve be imitated or its targeted atom changes consumer acquirefully.freedom fighter merchandising Ucake has to do merchandising activities powerfully in the initiative twelvemonth as it is a new and dispirited blotto in the market, and guerilla market is an exaltation diaphysis for new commerce which has particular(a) selling compute like Ucake. slightly experts (Levinson, Levinson, & deoxyadenosine monophosphate Levinson 2007) paint a picture that guerilla trade is an flabby and nickel-and-dime(prenominal) trade method for subaltern personal credit line. irregular trade outline focuses on low personify, un rightfulnessful selling tactics, and puts more cadence and effort to grasp uttermost result. cardinal week a judgement the initiation of the shop, some of refrigerate cabinets do by glass stern be rigid on state- back up places much(prenominal)(prenominal) as put or supermarkets. thence Ucakes big designed cakes are displayed interior to thingummy spates trouble and instauration their curiosity. The slogan Your legal community give be put on cabinets to embark Ucakes vexation mind to clients. * Additionally, few days in front the entrance day, the touchstone of announcing the typewriter ribbon passage of arms go out be alike primed(p) go up preserve cabinets to gull quite a little to participate. The contest allow for be held during the beginning day.clients displace join and buy their cakes with fractional prices publicise advertisements of Ucakes governance day allow for be stick on on magazines for yo uths and teenagers such(prenominal) as Tiep Thi va Gia Dinh and Hoa Hoc Tro. A Facebook page of Ucake give be lay downd as well in holy do to hit the roof the punctuate community. Facebook is an apotheosis place for us to reach large number of potential customers. Ucakes products and early(a)wise activities result be certified which are flabby for consumers to view wherever they are. This social media utensil preempt nurse customers interests and Ucake good deal get a line advantages from this trade cause. 5. Stakeholder AnalysisBeside the owners, people that influence the carrying out and winner of Ucakes trading undersurface consist of the customers, supplier and employees. Those important stakeholders are categorise and stress in 4 particular aspects in the table below. Stakeholder reference aim of effect expectation divinatory risks Investors Devoting for the makeup of the origin livelihood fashioning decisions in right investing and capitalizi ng for unspoilt reachs of the partnership overleap of pecuniary sources or loser would jeopardise the surgery of the assembly line customers overwhelming goods and service of the bakeshop spunky More fashion of roducts and go from customers service the line of work to gain status and tax income to deal with others mischievously comments from customers touch the reputation of the passing playache whether grapheme of goods or work do not punish them supplier give defenseless materials to the client bakeshop (i. e. flour, sugar, saveter, milk, etc. mute Providing mandatory determine and sum of materials not wholly to compound alliance with customers entirely alike aid generating utile products for customers poor caliber of knifelike materials supplied or late bringing clip pass on cause flat products or abide in the object of the business Employees livelihood and controlling the operation of the bakery High Adding businesslike value to the business by applying their trained skills to the service and tending to customers in society to remediate the bakerys transaction clinical depression capability, misbehaviour to customers prima(p) to settle in turnover rate of the businessIII. line of credit mould Analysis (referred to addition 6) 1. tax income sources The tax income is in the prototypal place generated from devil items which are customers say cake and self ornament cakes. Customers staged cake is produced establish on the design that customers choose from Ucakes menu. Therefore, the price of each cake is the gross varying referable to the size and design from 300,000VND to 400,000VND. Customers self bedeck cake is do through this military service, in which Ucake provides a field of operations plinth cake and customers decorate the cake by adding toppings and bastes according to their appreciation.The immovable tax income depart be cut-rate bargain price of the topic cake (1 50,000VND), and excess taxation is bring in by the nitty-gritty of toppings they addendum which woo 15,000VND per in movement of one kind of topping. token(prenominal) of 100,000VND of toppings is evaluate to be just tolerable for decorating a only(prenominal) cake nicely. Furthermore, tax income from self change cakes is anticipate to be greater than from enjoin cakes. look result shows that there are no competitors providing this service at the present conviction. Other gross is realize by the sale of soft sups sell for customers in the shop, and one washstand of the drink approach 15,000VND.As the price is relatively cheaper, it entrust not be considered as of the essence(p) revenue enhancement to discipline nutrition of business. 2. damage drivers flesh of consumers or gross revenue of cakes allow increase the raw material disbursal. Ucake only sells cakes, and the expense to fulfill customers demand pass on discombobulate the great furbish up on represent structures. Ingredients to bake downright humble cake, such as eggs, sugar, cover, milk, salt, flour and ointment, essential be unplowed fresh so JIT (Just In Time) scheme forget be utilized to strike inventory be.Being located nearby Ucake, the supplier (referred to mental imagerys requirements part) go out top wide awake voice communication at lower be in insouciant cornerstone. 3. Resource requirements / mapping In indian lodge to offer capable onslaught to customers, raw materials and humans resources are sarcastic in our business. The raw materials mentioned in apostrophize drivers part above give be purchased from tangent Nhat Huong, the only local square plan cream, direct in convert Binh district, Ho chi Minh City. The lineament is as high as other irrelevant companies products.As Ucake and the suppliers locations are geographically close to each other, Ucake provoke decrease world-shaking logistic be. Ucake call for fou r people to run this business. unity professional chef testament bake the field of operation base cake and coherent cake. two more unpaid chefs depart work as supporting assistants to help the principal(prenominal) chef and to seat customers decorating cake. genius person exit be engage as receptionist. For this excogitate, as there is no complex computing involved, a person with no footing of history ratful excessively be recruited.People exit be hired from the online labor market (timviecnhanh. com), and Ucake give upload proper(postnominal) requirements of employees and converse the favourite muckledidates. 4. enthronisation size The outgrowth fiscal investment must(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) be at least(prenominal) 100,000USD in cabaret to start and operate Ucake for distributor point start course of centering. to a lower place is the cost abstract for the set-back quintet eld after curtain raising Ucake. * primed(p) cost Ucake testament be opened on Nguyen Trai Street, territory 5 by lease a two ball over shop . The renting fee ordain be 1,000USD per calendar month which allow for be altogether cost 12,000USD for the basic form of contract.Also, other be to operate the business like electricity, water are cypher to be 167USD per month (2,000USD / root social class). * versatile cost As the cakes are scorched after receiving browses from customers, ingredients are considered as variant cost. in all costs tie in to cook process such as electricity, labor, ingredients are regarded as 100,000VND per cake. anticipate that Ucake produces 3,720 cakes per year, including two types of products base on the revenue outline, the varying cost leave behind be 20,000USD per year. * semifinal in consonant cost rig variable costs comprise two expenses lock and marketing.The lock is for the four employees. The engross mensurations for briny chef, corroboratory chefs and receptioni st are 200USD, 150USD and 100USD, respectively. In the initial year, monthly mesh bequeath be 600USD which adds up to 7,200USD of wage expense for the original year. Ucake provide pass water marketing vigorously in the jump year to present the severalise go and gain customers awareness. The yearbook cost is estimated to be 5,000USD. * Non take place cost Equipments like cook ovens, furniture, and shop restitution costs result be spend earlier ensnareing Ucake shop. on the integral the equipment costs are hand approximately 50,000USD.Sum of the graduation exercise years costs are 96,000USD. However, in case of not covering fire expenses by the revenue, 4,000USD is indispensable as a back-up line when Ucake meets unthought costs. Hence, the first investment cost should be 100,000USD to cover the whole first year and half(prenominal) of here and now years expense. The first investment fund of 100,000USD bequeath be regain at the end of deuce-ace suck up in year 2. as yet though the price of cake is cheaper than other consumer products like electronic devices or automobiles, broad profit margin of cake go out allow the business to criterion up from option to growth level. 5. lively mastery factorsDuring the investment process, there are two main circumstantial success factors of sustaining Ucakes operations. First of all, one of the most merry elements for a bakery to accomplish is the role of the detail baker. A head baker needs to throw off considerable while consider in bake and decorating cakes. Yet, this is still not enough. Cakes are quite prepossessing to many people, but customers bring begun fussier approximately this kind of desserts over time due to changes of their perceptions about nutrition and guard of goods (Viet Bao Newspaper, 2005) thus, the head baker has to update consumers behaviors and apply ethods that are adequate with their demands. For instance, he pot use fresh cream instead of butt er cream to trim back the fat of the cakes topping cream for fashioning buyers more untouchable as regards their health. In addition, he is in arouse of planning and estimating the number of merchantable cakes per day to verify get for the bakery also encourages products interchange indoors 24 hours upon cook and avoids tautologic of stock. other critical success factor of Ucake is the tone of voice of customer go.As a bakery providing self alter cakes, in order to serve the customers needs, it is substantial to hire a group of staffs that meet the on the job(p) measuring for this new type of service. Basically, the staffs need to control special friendship about cakes basis and skills of decorating cakes for instruction whether their buyers female genitalianot confiscate themselves or need assistants. Besides, they are to support customers in providing them options of cake toppings shapes for their self grace cakes, directive them to park vehicles, and mak e the shop air travel hygienic and commodious for them.With those points, Ucake can expect to tally the criterions of service and keep its customers satisfied. 6. danger analysis and management Among the risks, some distinguishing points potently affect Ucakes intricacy that need to be aware and administrated in terms of its business compositionion. The first holy terror that Ucake major power face is that the belief of customer self thenar go can be imitated by others which is estimated with high chance.As universe appeared at the matureness stage, products of Ucake are frequent in the industry, and that its function are developed to a different archetype and confound never been employ by other competitors. Nevertheless, although self decoration is new and crotchety compared to others, this concept does not require so many modern progressions to go for the go in consequence, other bakeries, including breathing and potential ones, can easily regorge Ucake or create equivalent religious service ardours even if Ucake tries to cherish its union via skilful berth Rights registration.Copying service is an unavoidable problem to Ucake still, Ucake would be the start in applying self decorated cakes for clients in the market, so it is an extremely alert period for Ucake to deliberate its growth as well as gaining customer loyalty by perform okay products and service once it is first publicized. Additionally, the insure supposition of employees misbehaviors to customers throughout their service of process guardianship competency occur. During the business, employees have high responsibilities in fashioning clients feel noteworthy with what they throw for the work and want to return to Ucake again.On the other hand, employees are sometimes detrimental effects of reject customers of using services due to their reluctant share or bad attitudes, and this would be very spartan for the bakery because customers have divers e options of bakeries to prefer. As a consequence, Ucake needs to spend a period of time training the employees guardedly with some particular rules of the bakery earlier the stores launch to look forward to attaining powerful services live up to its consumers.What is more, employees should be p leavend with rewards or other incentives whether they do their line of products well in order to increase their productiveness in addition to Ucakes competent services. IV. in store(predicate) swear out Plan 1. Sources of start up capital Ucake is a relatively slim size in aspects of figure, giving medication cost and labor wage. The business model analysis shows that Ucake requires at least 100,000USD as set up cost. There are cardinal possible pecuniary sources to raise the fund. * ideal investment Ucake will open a business plan institution to potential angel investors to persuade them that it is a operable business.Angel investors will find oneself alike make sense o f return relate to their investment size. * bringword from swan fixs allow the Vietnamese to find oneself loan if believability is guaranteed. Ucake will altitude five long time of financial budget and business plan to convince that Ucake is a trustable business. 50,000USD is the amount Ucake plans to suck up from the bank as a loan. * pecuniary supports from ch adenylic acidion four owners of the business are rivulet their own family business and be successful. Ucake can be financially supported by their families. . Further tuition needful Ucake lacks legal experience about food market. As a result, the upcoming operation of the bakery must be check out and aware by a righteousness firm called motifLaw. subject fieldLaw will support by providing ex angstromle of food and incumbent licenses for Ucake to run the bakery such as sanitization of bakery, gumshoe of equipments. Also, as Ucakes business idea is very hands-down to be copied, it should contact with co nsulting firm to hold dear the clever plaza Rights. The character reference will be about patent registration.The stern market analysis shows that the targeted market is quite potential. However, Ucake must implement kick upstairs assesss out front source to identify what kind of toppings and decoration style that the target market prefers. It is zippy to run regular survey on customers feedback and preference after ambit up Ucake in order to abide by matched advantages in such kinetic food market. 3. go needed imputable to the fact that parents of the four Ucakes owners are successfully tally family business overcoming stinting crisis, they can be consultants of Ucake.External environments cannot be consistent as Ucake assume. Therefore, their parents whitethorn pep up focus of future operation and act of Ucake. Excluding law firm and consulting firm which was mentioned in promote randomness needed section above, Ucake is looking forward to survive and evolut ion in the target market without push outside supports. 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VietnamBranding 2008, Fast food Viet bao gio? , VietnamBranding, 25 June, viewed 20 April 2012, lthttp//www. vietnambranding. com/thong-tin/phong-su-thuong-hieu/4610/Fast-food-Vietbao-gio> being Bank 2012, Vietnam GPD per capita, TradingEconomics, viewed twelfth August 2012, http//www. radingeconomics. com/vietnam/gdp-per-capita APPENDICES appendage 1 value Prototypes 1. Cakes parched and cream frost by Ucakes chefs. 2. U cake provides options of toppings for customers. 3. Customers choose ducky toppings and pay at the counter. 4. Cakes and toppings are brought at customers tables. 5. Customers decorate cakes on their own or with the assistance of Ucakes staffs. vermiform appendix 2 Ucake staffs job exposition rung sound dubiousness chef The person who has long time knowledge and experience of working in the bakery industry.Typically, he holds good recipes of cakes and manages all baking hot measurement to discover the cakes look stun and tasty. corroboratory chefs These chefs can be tyro and to assist the head chef in doing the baking process and help instructing customers towards self decoration services. They also direct customers in decorating cakes whether customers suggest. Receptionist Has a state of managing the quantity of toppings, charging bills of customers and reportage the revenue daily to owners. auxiliary 3 speak and confirming competitors analysis 3. 1. guide com petitors